Human Papilloma Virus and Oral Cancer
نویسنده
چکیده
One of the most well studied biomarkers of HNSCC is human papilloma virus integration in oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a ~ 7.9-kb, nonenveloped, double-stranded, circular DNA virus that has been implicated in a variety of anogenital and aerodigestive diseases, ranging from common warts to laryngeal papilloma to cervical cancer. Currently, sequences for over 320 different types of HPV have been identified, with several additional poorly characterized types described. These viruses infect cells in the basal layer of squamous epithelium, and the different types have been traditionally separated based on tropism for cutaneous and mucosal sites, as well as high, intermediate, and low risk, depending on their association with malignancy. This review will focus on mucosal high-risk types, known to be significant in the head and neck, predominantly HPV 16 and HPV 18, although other, rarer, subtypes may be carcinogenic.
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